聖經教義 – 天使論

OUTLINE FOR CHAPTER VIII   第八章天使論的大綱

ANGELOLOGY 天使論

I. Definition. 壹. 天使的定義
A. Expression. 聲明
B. Explanation. 解釋天使
C. Designation. 稱謂/識別

II. Description. 貳. 描述天使
A. Their Personality. 天使的位格
B. Their Origination. 天使的起源
C. Their Enumeration. 列舉諸天使
D. Their Habitation. 天使的居所
E. Their Characterization. 天使的特徵
F. Their Perfection Attributes. 天使的完美屬性
G. Their Gradation. 天使的系列
H. Their Division. 天使的陣營

III. Delineation. 叁. 天使的圈界
A. Good Angels. 善的天使
B. Bad Angels. 恶的天使

IV. Satan.  肆. 撒旦
A. The Names and Descriptive Titles of Satan. 撒旦的名與一些描述撒旦的頭銜
B. The Personality of Satan. 撒旦的位格。
C. The Origin of Satan. 撒旦的起源
D. The Career of Satan. 撒旦所致力的。
E. The Location of Satan. 撒旦的位置。
F. The Character of Satan. 撒旦的本質特徵。
G. The Work of Satan. 撒旦的工作。
H. The Limitation of Satan. 撒旦的受限。
I. Our Attitude Toward Satan. 我們對撒旦的態度。

Chapter VIII  第八章

ANGELOLOGY  天使論

Angelology is the doctrine of angels. 天使論是關於天使的教義

I.  DEFINITION

A. Expression.

“Who maketh his angels spirits; his ministers a flaming fire” (Ps. 104:4). “The angel of theLORD encampeth round about them that fear him, and delivereth them” (Ps. 34:7). “What is man, that thou art mindful of him? and the son of man, that thou visitest him? For thou madest him a little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honor” (Ps. 8: 4, 5). “Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me” (Mal. 3: la). “Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels” (Matt. 25:41). See also Genesis 19:1, 15; 24:7; 28:12; Psalm 103:20; Hebrews 1:7, 14; Matthew 11:10; Luke 7:27.

壹.  定義天使

A. 聖經的表達

（詩篇104:4）“耶和華以風為使者、以火燄為僕役”。（詩篇3:7） “耶和華的使者、在敬畏他的人四圍安營、搭救他們”。（詩篇8:4-5） “人算甚麼、你竟顧念他．世人算甚麼、你竟眷顧他。你叫他比天使微小一點、並賜他榮耀尊貴為冠冕”。（瑪拉基書3:1a） “萬軍之耶和華說、我要差遣我的使者、在我前面豫備道路”。（馬太福音25:41） “那時，王要向那左邊的說、你們這被咒詛的人、離開我、進入那為魔鬼和他的使者所豫備的永火裡去”（馬太福音25:41）。參見創世紀19:1,15; 24:7; 28:12; 詩篇103:20; 希伯來書1:7,14; 馬太福音11:10; 路加福音7:27。

B. Explanation.

1. Translation. The Old Testament Hebrew and the New Testament Greek translate the word angel as “ambassador, messenger, deputy, and ministers.”
a. For Human Messengers. From one human to another: “When the messengers of John were departed, he began to speak unto the people concerning John” (Luke 7:24a).
b. For Human Messengers Bearing a Divine Message. “Then spake Haggai the LORD’smessenger in the LORD’s message unto the people, saying, I am with you, saith the LORD”(Hag. 1:13). See also Galatians 4:14.
c. For Impersonal Providence. This may be some physical deformity. “Lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure” (II Cor. 12:7).
d. For Bishops or Preachers. “Unto the angel of the church of Ephesus write; These things saith he that holdeth the seven stars in his right hand, who walketh in the midst of the seven golden candlesticks” (Rev. 2:1). See also Revelation 1:20; 2:8, 12, 18; 3:1,7, 14.
e. For Demons Without Bodies. “When the Pharisees heard it, they said, This fellow doth not cast out devils [demons], but by Beelzebub the prince of the devils [demons]” (Matt. 12:24; 25:41).
f. For Heavenly Beings. See Genesis 18.
g. For One Pre-eminent Angel: The Angel of the Lord. “The angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed” (Ex. 3:2).

2. Notation. The term “angel” is not a personal name, but rather a title describing an office.

B.解釋-天使是什麼。

1.翻譯出來的意思。舊約希伯來文和新約希臘文將Angel這個詞翻譯為“大使，傳信息者，代理人，與職事者”。

   a. 是為人傳達信息的信差們。從一人傳到另一人去：“當約翰所差來的人走了後、耶穌就對眾人講論約翰說、你們從前出去到曠野、是要看甚麼呢？…”（路加福音7：24a）。

b.是那背負神的信息要給人類的。 “耶和華的使者哈該奉耶和華差遣對百姓說、耶和華說、我與你們同在”（哈該書1:13）。另見加拉太書4:14。

c.是做為保守人的。這可能是身體方面的一些變異。（哥林多後書12:7） “又因所得的啟示甚大、恐怕我就過於自高、所以有一根剌加我肉體上、就是撒但的差役、要攻擊我、免得我過於自高” .

d.是教會的主教或長老。 “你要寫信給以弗所教會的使者、說：那右手拿著七星、在七個金燈臺中間行走的、說…“（啟示錄2:1）。另見啟示錄1:20; 2:8,12,18; 3:1,7,14。e.

  e. 是那沒有身體的污鬼邪靈。 “但法利賽人聽見、就說,這個人趕鬼、無非是靠鬼王別西卜阿。”（馬太福音12:24; 25:41）。

f.是從天而來的生命。見創世紀18。

  g. 一位無與倫比（至尊）的使者：耶和華的使者。 “耶和華的使者從荊棘裡火焰中向摩西顯現．摩西觀看、不料、荊棘被火燒著、卻沒有燒燬。”（出埃及記3:2） 。

2. 注意。 “天使”一詞並不是個人的名字，而是一個頭銜-描述一個職位。

C. Designation.

There are three angels whose personal names we know:

1. Lucifer. This is the unfallen name of the Devil. Satan is his fallen name. “How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which did weaken the nations!” (Is. 14:12).

2. Michael — Tue Archangel. According to the Scriptures there is only one archangel. He is mentioned in the books of Daniel and Revelation. Michael has to do with the resurrection; it is he who shall sound the trumpet, and not Gabriel. “Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee” (Jude 9). “The Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel [Michael], and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first” (I Thess. 4:16).
a. Prince of Daniel’s People, the Jews.
b. Head of the Heavenly Army of Angels.

3. Gabriel. This name is found in Daniel and Luke. “I heard a man’s voice between the banks of Ulai which called, and said, Gabriel, make this man to understand the vision” (Dan. 8:16). “The angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings” (Luke 1:19). See also Daniel 9:21-27; Luke 1:26, 27.

C.稱謂/識別。

有三位天使我們是知道他們的名字的：

1.路西法 – 這是魔鬼未墜落前的名字。撒旦是他墜落後的名字。 “明亮之星、早晨之子阿、你何竟從天墜落．你這攻敗列國的、何竟被砍倒在地上。！“（以賽亞書14:12）。

2.米迦勒 – 天使長。根據聖經，只有一個天使長。在但以理書(a)和啟示錄(b)裡有提到了他的名。
米迦勒與復活有關; 是米迦勒將神的號角吹響的，而不是天使加百列。（猶大書9） “天使長米迦勒為摩西的屍首與魔鬼爭辯的時候`尚且不敢用毀謗的話罪責他，只說、主責備你罷。”…。（帖撒羅尼迦前書4:16） “主必親自從天降臨、有呼叫的聲音、和天使長的聲音、又有　神的號吹響．那在基督裡死了的人必先復活。”。
a. 保佑但以理本國之民的天使長米迦勒 （但以理書10:21)
b. 天上天使大軍的頭領。(啟示錄12:7)

3.加百列。這個名字可以在但以理書和路加福音看到。（但以理書8:16） “我又聽見烏萊河兩岸中有人聲呼叫說、加百列阿、要使此人明白這異象”。（路加福音1:19） “天使回答說、我是站在　神面前的加百列、奉差而來、對你說話、將這好信息報給你“。參見但以理書9:21-27; 路加福音 1:26-27。

II. DESCRIPTION

A. Their Personality.

They are personal beings, and not impersonal influences, such as thoughts, ideas, etc. Paul writes that “peradventure” God will give “those that oppose themselves” “repentance to the acknowledging of the truth . . . that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will” (II Tim. 2:25, 26). See also II Samuel 14: 20; Revelation 12:9, 12; 22: 8, 9.

貳. 描述天使

A.天使的位格。

他們是有位格的生命而不是沒有位格的某影響力，如思想`意念等。保羅寫道“或許”上帝會給“那些抵擋者”悔改的心，可以明白真道. . . .叫他們這些已經被魔鬼任意擄去的、可以醒悟、脫離他的網羅。”（提摩太后書2:25-26）。另見撒母耳記下14:20; 啟示錄12:9,12;  22:8-9。

B. Their Origination.

They are created beings and superior to man, but they are not as the artist paints them, having wings, and the like. No doubt they have bodies, but not like our bodies. If our eyes were not blinded by the fall of man, we might be able to see them. Eve saw Satan as an angel of light. Angels are not eternal beings. While they will live forever, yet they have not lived forever, because they are created beings. They were created like man, but not as human beings. A Christian does not become an angel when he dies, but, in Christ, he is greater than angels can ever be. “By him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him” (Col. 1:16). See also Nehemiah 9:6; Genesis 18:8; Luke 24:37.

B.天使的起源。

它們是被造的生命並且優於人類，但他們並不是如藝術家所繪畫的有翅膀之類那樣的。毫無疑問，他們是帶有身體的，但並不像我們的身體。如果我們的眼睛不是因人的墮落而瞎了（屬靈的眼睛）的話，我們也許能夠看見它們。（創世紀那時）夏娃看撒旦好像一個光明的天使。雖然天使能永遠的活着，但他們並未曾都永遠活著，因為他們是受造的生命。他們與人一樣都是被造的，但是被造成與人不同。基督徒去世後並不會成為天使，但在基督裡人會比天使更大。（歌羅西書 1:16） “因為萬有都是靠祂造的、無論是天上的、地上的、能看見的、不能看見的、或是有位的、主治的、執政的、掌權的、一概都是藉著祂造的、又是為祂造的”。見尼希米記9:6;  創世記18:8; 路加福音24:37。

C. Their Enumeration.

“Ye are come into mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels” (Heb. 12:22). “Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?” (Matt. 26:53). Six thousand composed a legion; the Lord could have called for seventy-two thousand angels for aid had he so desired. See also Daniel 7:10; Psalm 68:17.

C.列舉眾天使。

(希伯來書12:22)“你們上了的乃是錫安山、永生上帝的城、天上的耶路撒冷，那裏有千千萬萬的天使”(希伯來書12:22）。(馬太福音26:53) “你以為我不能求我的父，他就馬上給我派十二個軍團(和合本翻譯為營）以上的天使下來嗎？”。六千名組成一個軍團; 如果主想要的話，祂可以召集七萬二千名天使來援助的。另參考但以理書7:10; 詩篇68:17。

D. Their Habitation.

A great many angels dwell in the heavenlies. “In the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven” (Matt. 22:30). See also Matthew 18:10; Luke 2:13-15; John 1:15; Galatians 1:8; Revelation 5:11; 7:11.

D.天使的居所。

在天上住有許多的天使。（馬太福音22:30） “當復活的時候、人也不娶也不嫁、乃像天上的使者一樣。”。又見馬太福音18:10; 路加福音2:13-15; 約翰福音1:15; 加拉太書1:8; 啟示錄5:11; 7:11。

E. Their Characterization.

1. Angels Are Spirits. “Of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire” (Heb. 1:7). See also Hebrews 1:14; Psalm 104:4.

2. Angels are Corporeal. Although being spirit, they have bodies of some kind and perform bodily acts. Mary “seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain” (John 20:12). See also Genesis 18:1-8; 19:1-3; Judges 6.

3. Angels Are Masculine.  It is an error to say they are sexless. They are always manifested in the form of man. Masculine pronouns are always used in connection with them. “And entering into the sepulchre, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, clothed in a long white garment; and they were affrighted. And he saith unto them, Be not affrighted: ye seek Jesus of Nazareth, which was crucified: He is risen; he is not here: behold the place where they laid him” (Mark 16:5,6). See also Matthew 28:2-4; Luke 1:26.

4. Angels are Celibates. There is no record of angels ever marrying angels. “In the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven” (Matt. 22:30). The quoted Scripture does not mean that we will be sexless, but that we will not marry.

E.天使的特徵。

1.天使是靈。（希伯來書1:7） “論到天使，祂說：“神用風作祂的使者，用火焰作祂的仆役”。希伯來書1:14 “天使豈不都是服役的靈、奉差遣為那將要承受救恩的人效力麼？”。另外參考詩篇104:4。

2.天使是有形體的。雖然是靈，但他們具備身體並且有身體的動作。（約翰福音20:12）馬利亞“看見兩個天使、穿著白衣、在安放耶穌身體的地方坐著、一個在頭、一個在腳”。也參見創世記18:1-8; 19:1-3; 士師記 6章

3.天使是雄性的。說天使沒有性別,那是錯誤的。天使總是以人的形式顯現。論到他們時總是使用雄性代名詞。（馬可福音16:5-6） “他們進了墳墓、看見一個少年人坐在右邊、穿著白袍。就甚驚恐。那少年人對他們說:不要驚恐。你們尋找那釘十字架的拿撒勒人耶穌，他已經復活了`不在這裡。請看安放他的地方”。另見馬太福音28:2-4; 路加福音1:26。

4.天使是獨身的。並沒有天使嫁娶天使的記載。（馬太福音22:30） “當復活的時候、人也不娶也不嫁、乃像天上的使者一樣”。被引用的這節經文，其意思並不是說我們將會沒有性別，而是說當人復活後，將會不娶也不嫁。

F. Their Perfection — Attributes.

1. They Are Deathless. They will never die, or cease to exist. They do not grow old. “They which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage: neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection” (Luke 20:35, 36).

2. They are Immutable. There is no matter in them that can change.

3. They Are Illocal. They are not subject to limitation, or space. We are (Acts 17:26). However, they are not omnipresent.

4. They Are Mighty. They are not omnipotent (almighty). They are mightier than we are, but are inferior to God. “To you who are troubled rest with us when the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels” (II Thess. 1:7). See also Acts 5:19; 12:5-11, 23; Psalm 103:20; II Peter 2:10, 11.

5. They Are Wise. They possess super-human intelligence, yet they are not omniscient (all-wise). One of the purposes of Paul’s preaching was “to the intent that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places might be known by the church the manifold wisdom of God.according to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus our Lord” (Eph. 3:10, 11). See also II Samuel 14:17-20; Matthew 24:36; Mark 13:32; I Peter 1:10-12.

6. They are Subordinate. They are always subject to God. Even the Devil is in this category. There is nothing he can do, but by the will of God. “[Jesus Christ] is gone into heaven, and is on the right hand of God; angels and authorities and powers being made subject unto him” (I Peter 3:22). See also Hebrews 1:4-8, 13, 14.

F.天使的完美 – 有幾個屬性。

1.天使是不死的。他們永遠不會死`或不再存在。他們不會變老。（路加福音20:35-36） “惟有算為配得那世界、與從死裡復活的人、也不娶也不嫁．他們不能再死．乃是和天使一樣．既是復活的人、就為　神的兒子。“。

2.天使是不會變的。因為在他們裡面沒有能改變的物質。

3.天使是不限於地區的。它們不受限於地方或空間。但我們人是受限制的（使徒行傳17:26）。然而，天使它們並不是無所不在。

4.天使是大有能力的。但他們不是無所不能（天使不是全能的）。天使比我們人有能力，但他們不如上帝。 “當主耶稣和他有能力的天使從天上顯现在火焰中的時候，就使你們这些受災難的人，可以和我们同享安息”（帖撒羅尼迦後1:7 新譯本）。另見使徒行傳5:19; 12:5-11,23; 詩篇103:20;彼 得後書2:10-11。

5.天使是有智慧的。他們擁有超越人類的智能，但他們並不是無所不知（不是全智的）。保羅傳道的其中一個目的是“為要使天上執政的和掌權的，現在藉著教會都可以知道　神各樣的智慧。這都是照著　神在我們主基督耶穌裏所成就的永恒的旨意。”（以弗所 3:10-11）。另見撒母耳記下14:17-20; 馬太福音24:36; 馬可福音13:32; 彼得前書1:10-12。

6.天使是服從的。他們一直受上帝的支配。即使魔鬼也是在這服從上帝的屬性裡，。若不是出於上帝的旨意，天使是不能做什麼的。（彼得前書3:22） “[耶穌基督]已經進入天堂、在　神的右邊．眾天使和有權柄的、並有能力的、都服從了他。“。另見希伯來書1:4-8,13,14。

G. Their Gradation.

1. The Angel of the Lord. This angel is presented as no other angel in the Scriptures. He possesses a position no other angel could occupy. He is the Lord Jesus Christ himself. He presented himself to Hagar, Abraham and Gideon.

2. The Cherubim. This is the plural of cherub. They are mighty beings, always connected with the throne of God. They were present in the garden of Eden. They were placed there to keep Adam and Eve from re-entering the garden. According to Scripture, they seem to be more than just angelic beings, for they are connected with God as a symbol of God himself. Images of cherubims were made of gold and overlooked the mercy seat. The mercy seat is a type of Christ; thus, the cherubims are pictured as overlooking the work of Christ in love and light.

3. The Anointed Cherub. No doubt this was Satan in his unfallen estate. “Thou are the anointed cherub that covereth; and I have set thee so: thou wast upon the holy mountain of God; thou hast walked up and down in the midst of the stones of fire” (Ezek. 28:14).

4. The Seraphim. These angelic beings are mentioned only in Isaiah. They are attentive unto the LORD of Hosts. “In the year that king Uzziah died I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple. Above it stood the seraphims: each one had six wings….Then flew one of the seraphims unto me, having a live coal in his hand, which he had taken with tongs from off the altar” (Is. 6:1,2,6).

5. Archangel. “Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses. durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee” (Jude 9). See also I Thessalonians 4:16.

6. Throne. “By him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in the earth, visible, and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him” (Col. 1:16).

7. Dominion. God set Christ “at his own right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world but also in that which is to come” (Eph. 1:20, 21). See also Colossians 1:16.

8. Principalities. “I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor heighth, nor depth, nor any other creature,shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord” (Rom. 8:38, 39). See also Colossians 1:16; Ephesians 6:12.

9. Powers. “Unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places might be known by the church the manifold wisdom of God” (Eph. 3:10). See also Colossians 1:16; Ephesians 1:21.

10. Mighty. “God standeth in the congregation of the mighty; he judgeth among the Gods” (Ps. 82:1). See also Psalm 89:6.

11. Authorities. “[Jesus Christ] is gone into heaven, and is on the right hand of God; angels and authorities and powers being made subject unto him” (I Peter 3:22).

12. Dignities. “These filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil ofdignities” (Jude 8). See also II Peter 2:10.

G.天使的系列。

1.主的使者。在聖經中沒有其他天使如這位天使那樣受被呈現出來。他擁有一個沒有其他天使能佔據的位置。他就是主耶穌基督自己。他曾向夏甲，亞伯拉罕和基甸顯現自己。

2.眾基路伯。這是基路伯的複名詞。他們是有大能的生命，總是與上帝的寶座相聯。他們在伊甸園裡出現過。他們被安設在那裡，為防止被趕出之後的亞當和夏娃重再進入伊甸園（摘生命樹的果子吃，就永遠活著）。根據經文，他們似乎不僅只是天使而已，因為他們是與上帝聯結，象徵是上帝祂自己。眾基路伯的圖像是用金子製成的，俯視著施恩座。施恩座是基督的一種表現;因此，眾基路伯被描繪為正俯瞰著基督在愛里在光中的施行。

3.受膏的基路伯。這毫無疑問就是撒旦在他未墮落前的所在。（以西結書28:14） “你是護衛寶座的、受膏的基路伯；我安置你在　神的聖山上，你在閃耀如火的寶石中間行走”（新譯本）。

4.撒拉弗。這些天使們只在以賽亞書裡被提到。他們服侍萬軍之耶和華。（以賽亞書6:1-2, 6） “當烏西雅王崩的那年、我見主坐在高高的寶座上．他的衣裳垂下、遮滿聖殿。其上有撒拉弗侍立．各有六個翅膀．用兩個翅膀遮臉、兩個翅膀遮腳、兩個翅膀飛翔．……然後有一撒拉弗飛到我跟前、手裡拿著紅炭、是用火剪從壇上取下來的”。

5.天使長。（猶大書9） “天使長米迦勒、為摩西的屍首與魔鬼爭辯的時候、尚且不敢用毀謗的話罪責他、只說、主責備你罷”。另見帖撒羅尼迦前書4:16。

6.做王位的。（歌羅西書1:16） “因為萬有都是靠他造的、無論是天上的、地上的、能看見的、不能看見的、或是坐王位的、主治的、執政的、掌權的、一概都是藉著他造的、又是為他造的” 。

7.主治的。上帝使基督 “在天上坐在自己的右邊、遠超過一切執政的、掌權的、有能的、主治的、和一切有名的．不但是今世的、連來世的也都超過了”（以弗所書1:20-21）。另見歌羅西書1:16。

8.執政的。（羅馬書8:38-39 ） “因為我深信：無論是死、是生，是天使、是執政的，是掌權的，是有能力的，是現在的事，是將來的事，是高天的、是深淵的，或是任何別的被造之物，都不能叫我們與　神的愛隔絕，這愛是在我們的主耶穌基督裡的”。參見歌羅西書1:16; 以弗所書6:12。

9.掌權的。（以弗所書3:10） “為要藉著教會、使天上執政的、掌權的、現在得知　神百般的智慧”。參見歌羅西書1:16; 以弗所書1:21。

10.有能力的。（詩篇82:1 ） “神站在大能者的会中，在众神之中施行审判“（新譯本）。  也參見詩篇89:6。

11.有權柄的。（彼得前書3:22） “[耶穌基督]已經進入天堂、在　神的右邊．眾天使和有權柄的、並有能力的、都服從了他”。

12.在尊位的。（猶大書8） “這些作夢的人、也像他們污穢身體、輕慢主治的、毀謗在尊位的。”。另見彼得後書2:10。

H. Their Division.

Angels are divided into two great moral realms or spheres:

1. Holy Angels — Angels of God. “Jacob went on his way, and the angels of God met him. And when Jacob saw them, he said, This is God’s host: and he called the name of that placeMahanaim” (Gen, 32:1, 2). See also Matthew 25:31; Daniel 4:13.

2. Fallen Angels — Angels of Satan. “There was war in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon; and the dragon fought and his angels, and prevailed not; neither was their place found any more in heaven. And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him” (Rev. 12:7-9). See also II Peter 2:4-6; Jude 6, 7.

These are called the angels of Satan; they were not created by him; they became his by choice. All angels were created in holiness; possessing a free will, they could choose either to serve God or Satan. “A God very terrible in the council of the holy ones, and to be feared above all them that are round about him,” (Ps. 89:7, R.V.). See also Matthew 18:10; 13:9; Mark 8:38; John 8:34; II Peter 2:4; Jude 6; I John 5:18.

H.天使的陣營

天使被分開到兩大道德分界或領域裡：

1.聖潔的天使 – 上帝的眾使者。（創世記 32:1-2） “雅各繼續他的路程　神的眾使者遇見他。雅各看見他們，就說：“這是　神的軍隊。”於是給那地方起名叫瑪哈念“。又見馬太福音25:31; 但以理書4:13。

2.墮落的天使 – 撒旦的眾使者。（啟示錄12:7-9 ） “在天上就有了爭戰。米迦勒同他的使者與龍爭戰．龍也同他的使者去爭戰。並沒有得勝，天上再沒有他們的地方。大龍就是那古蛇`名叫魔鬼, 又叫撒但, 是迷惑普天下的。他被摔在地上, 他的使者也一同被摔下去。”。參見彼得後書2:4-6; 猶大書6,7。

這些天使被稱為撒旦的使者; 他們不是撒旦造出來的;他們是藉著選擇而成為撒旦的使者的。所有的天使在被造時都是聖潔的；他們擁有自由意志，可以選擇服事上帝或撒旦。（詩篇89:7） “在聖者的會中、耶和華是大有威嚴的　神、比一切在他四圍的更可畏懼 ”。又見馬太福音18:10; 13:9; 馬可福音8:38; 約翰福音8:34; 彼得後書2:4; 猶大書6; 約翰一書5:18。

III. DELINEATION

A. Good Angels.

1. Their Adoration. “Again, when he bringeth in the first begotten into the world, he said, And let all the angels of God worship him” (Heb. 1:6 ). See also Isaiah 6:3; John 12:41; Revelation 5:11, 12. We are told in Colossians 2:18 never to worship angels.

2. Their Ministration.
a. Angelic Revelation. They are able to carry the will of God to man. “If the word spoken by angels was stedfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense ofreward; how shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation,” (Heb. 2:2). Also Daniel 8:16, 17; Luke 1:11-13; Acts 1:9-11.
b. Angelic Preservation. They are sent to help the saints of God. He answered and said, Lo, I see four men loose, walking in the midst of the fire, and they have no hurt; and the form of the fourth is like the Son of God” (Dan. 3:25). See also II Kings 6:15-18; Hebrews 1:14.
c. Angelic Stimulation. They are sent to encourage the child of God. “For there stood by me this night the angel of God, whose I am, and whom I serve, saving, Fear not, Paul; thou must be brought before Caesar: and, lo, God hath given thee all them that sail with thee. Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even as it was told me” (Acts 27:23-25).
d. Angelic Emancipation. They are sent to deliver the child of God. “The angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors, and brought them forth, and said, Go, stand and speak in the temple to the people all the words of this life” (Acts 5:19, 20).
e. Angelic Sustentation. “The devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels came and ministered unto him” (Matt. 4:11). See also Luke 22:43.
f. Angelic Conduction. “The angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert” (Acts 8:26). See also Genesis 24:7; Exodus 23:20-23; Numbers 20:16; Acts 10:3-8.
g. Angelic Administration. They execute the will of God. “Bless the LORD, all ye hosts; ye ministers of his, that do his pleasure. Bless the LORD all his works in all places of his dominion: bless the LORD, O my soul” (Ps. 103:21, 22).
(1) In Judgment. “Let them be as chaff before the wind: and let the angel of the LORD chase them” (Ps. 35:5). See also I Chronicles 21:15; II Kings 19:35.
(2) In Guarding the Saved. “At that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince whichstandeth for the children of thy people” (Dan. 12: la). See also Hebrews 1:14.
(3) In Guarding the Dead. “And it came to pass, that the beggar died, and was carried by the angels into Abraham’s bosom: the rich man also died, and was buried” (Luke 16:22).
(4) In Communicating the Law. “Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because of transgression, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator” (Gal. 3:19). See also Hebrews 2:2.
(5) In Accompanying Christ. “To you who are troubled rest with us, when the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels” (II Thess. 1:7).
(6) In Regathering Israel. “When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory” (Matt. 25:31).
(7) In Harvesting at the End of the Age. “Let both grow together until the harvest: and in the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather ye together first the tares, and bind them in bundles to burn them: but gather the wheat into my barn” (Matt. 13:30).

叁. 天使的圈界

A.善的天使。

1.他們的敬拜。 （希伯來書1:6）“再一次，神差遣長子到世上來的時候，祂說：神所有的天使都要拜他。”。另見以賽亞書6:3; 約翰福音12:41; 啟示錄5:11-12。歌羅西書2:18 告訴我們不可以敬拜天使。

2.他們的職務。

a.天使的傳啟示職務。他們能將上帝的旨意帶給人。 “那藉著天使所傳的話、既是確定的、凡干犯悖逆的、都受了該受的報應．我們若忽略這麼大的救恩、怎能逃罪呢?“（希伯來書2:2-3）。但以理書8：16,17; 路加福音1:11-13;使徒行傳1:9-11。

b.天使的保守職務。他們被派去幫助眾信徒。（但以理書3:25）“王說、看哪、我見有四個人、並沒有捆綁、在火中遊行、也沒有受傷、那第四個的相貌、好像神的兒子。“。另見列王紀下6:15-18; 希伯來書1:14。

c.天使的激勵職務。他們被派去鼓勵上帝的兒女。 “因我所屬所事奉的　神、他的使者昨夜站在我旁邊說：保羅, 不要害怕,你必定站在該撒面前．並且與你同船的人, 神都賜給你了。所以眾位可以放心，我信神,他怎樣對我說、事情也要怎樣成。“（使徒行傳27:23-25）。

d天使的拯救職務。他們被派去拯救上帝的孩子。 “ 夜間有一位天使，打開監門，把他們領出來，說：“你們去，站在殿裏，把一切有關這生命的話，都講給眾民聽。”（使徒行傳5:19,20）。

e.天使的服事職務。 “於是魔鬼離開了耶穌、有天使來伺候他。”（馬太福音4:11）。參見路加福音22:43。

f.天使的引導職務。 “有耶和華的一個使者對腓利說、起來、向南走、往那從耶路撒冷下迦薩的路上去。那路是沙漠曠野。”（使徒行傳8:26）。參見創世記24:7; 出埃及記23:20-23;民數記20:16; 使徒行傳10:3-8。

g. 天使的治理職務。他們執行上帝的旨意。（詩103:21-22） “你們作他的諸軍`作他的僕役`行他所喜悅的、都要稱頌耶和華。你們一切被他造的、在他所治理的各處、都要稱頌耶和華。我的心哪、你要稱頌耶和華”。
（1）在審判上。（詩篇35:5 ）“願他們像風前的糠、有耶和華的使者趕逐他們”。另見歷代誌上21:15; 列王記下19:35。
（2）守護得救的人。（但以理書12:1）“那時保護你本國之民的偉大護衛天使米迦勒必站起來…．你本國的民中、凡名錄在冊上的、必得拯救”。另見希伯來書1:14。
（3）守衛死去的人。（路加福音16:22） “後來那討飯的死了、被天使帶去放亞伯拉罕的懷裡．財主也死了、並且埋葬了”。
（4）傳達律法。（加拉太書3:19） “這樣說來、律法是為甚麼有的呢？ 原是為過犯添上的、等候那蒙應許的子孫來到．並且是藉天使經由中保的手而設立的。“。另見希伯來書2:2。
（5）伴隨基督。 “神必使你們這受患難的人`與我們同得平安。那時、主耶穌同他有能力的天使、從天上在火焰中顯現”（帖撒羅尼迦後書1:7）。
（6）再次召聚以色列。（馬太福音25:31-32） “當人子在他榮耀裡、同著眾天使降臨的時候、要坐在他榮耀的寶座上．萬民都要聚集在他面前”。
（7）在世界末了時收割。（馬太福音3:30） “容這兩樣一齊長`等著收割。當收割的時候、我要對收割的人說:先將稗子薅出來、捆成捆、留著燒。惟有麥子、要收在倉裡”）。

B. Evil Angels.

These are the angelic followers of the Devil. These are they for whom hell is prepared.

1. Their Designation. They are evil spirits; seductive, unclean, demons. “When he was come to the other side into the country of the Gergesenes, there met him two possessed with devils [demons] coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that way” (Matt. 8:28). See also Matthew 9:33; 10:1; 12:43; Mark 1:26; 5:2-5; 9:17, 20; Luke 6:18; 9:39.

B.邪惡的天使。

這些是跟随魔鬼的天使。地獄是為他們這些跟隨魔鬼之使者而預備的。

1. 他們的稱謂。他們被稱為邪靈; 誘惑人的，不潔的，污鬼。（馬太福音8: 28） “耶穌既渡到那邊去、來到加大拉人的地方、就有兩個被鬼附的人,從墳塋裡出來迎著他,極其兇猛、甚至沒有人能從那條路上經。”。又見馬太福音9:33; 10:1; 12:43; 馬可福音1:26; 5:2-5; 9:17,20;路加福音6:18; 9:39。

2. Their Division.
a. Fallen and Free.
b. Fallen and Chained. “God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment” (II Peter 2:4). See also Ephesians 6:12; Jude 6.

2. 他們的陣營。
a. 墮落後仍然自由的。
b. 墮落後被鎖鏈的。（彼得後書2:4） “ 神沒有姑息犯罪的天使，反而把他們丟入地獄，囚禁在幽暗的坑裏，等候審判。”。以弗所書6:12; 猶大書6。

3. The Free Angels.
a. Their Activities.
(1) They Obtain Possession of the Bodies of Men. “They also which saw it told them by what means he that was possessed of the devils [demons] was healed” (Luke 8:36).
(2) They Voluntarily Vacate the Bodies of Men. “When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through dry places, seeking rest, and findeth none” (Matt. 12:43).
b. Their Energies.
(1) They Threw a Man Down and Didn’t Hurt Him. “Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil [demon] had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, and hurt him not” (Luke 4:35).
(2) They Threw a Man Down and Tore Him. “As he was yet a coming, the devil [demon] threw him down, and tare him. And Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the child, and delivered him again to his father” (Luke 9:42).
(3) They Drove a Man Into the Wilderness. “He had commanded the unclean spirit to come out of the man. For oftentimes it had caught him: and he was kept bound with chains and in fetters; and he brake the bonds, and was driven of the devil [demon] into the wilderness” (Luke 8:29).
c. Characteristics.
(1) Some Are Deaf. “When Jesus saw that the people came running together, he rebuked the foul spirit, saying unto him, Thou dumb and deaf spirit, I charge thee, come out of him, and enter no more into him” (Mark 9:25).
(2) Some Are Dumb. “One of the multitude answered and said, Master, I have brought unto thee my son, which hath a dumb spirit” (Mark 9:17).
(3) Some Are Lying. “The LORD said unto him, Wherewith? And he said, I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And he said, Thou shalt persuade him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so” (I Kings 22:22).
(4) Some are Foul. “When Jesus saw that the people were running together, he rebuked the foul spirit” (Mark 9:25a).
(5) Some Are Seducing. “Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils [demons]” (I Tim. 4:1).
d. Their Power. It is tremendous.
(1) They Control the Bodies of Both Men and Beasts (Mark 5:8-13).
(2) They Inflict Physical Infirmities. “Ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the Sabbath day ?”(Luke 13:16).
(3) They Inflict Mental Maladies. “Always, night and day, he was in the mountains, and in the tombs, crying, and cutting himself with stones” (Mark 5:5).
(4) They Produce Moral Impurity. “When he was come up out of the ship, immediately there met him out of the tombs a man with an unclean spirit” (Mark 5:2). See also Matthew 10:1.
e. Their Existence. The word “devil” is best translated “demon.” There is only one Devil, but many demons, the Devil being the prince over them. There is such a thing as demon possession today. Missionaries to foreign countries attest to this fact. Demon-possessed men have super-human strength; they are fully controlled by demons.

It is good to point out that the demons always spoke through the mouths of those they possessed. The demons in these people recognized the Lord Jesus, and he distinguished between the demon and the man. Demons do not like to be disembodied; they prefer to be cast into a herd of swine (Mark 5:1-20).
f. Their Evidence. Demonism was not limited to the time of Christ. There was evidence that itwas in existence before His first advent:
(1) The four Gospels introduced demonism as the thing that was known.
(2) The people showed no surprise at demon possession.
(3) The Jews claimed to cast out demons by their power. (Matt. 12:27).
(4) After the time of Christ, the early Apostolic Fathers came in contact with demonism (Matt. 10:1; Mark 16:17; Acts 8:7).
(5) Demonism is seen today in modern missionary annals (Eph. 2:2, 6).

3.自由的邪惡天使。
a. 邪惡天使的活動。
（1）他們附體在人的身上。（路加福音8:36） “看見這事的人、便將被鬼附著的人怎麼得救、告訴他們。”。
（2）他們隨己意離開人體。 （馬太福音12:43）“當那污鬼離了人身、就在無水之地、過來過去、尋求安歇之處、卻尋不著。”。

b. (邪惡天使的能量。
（1）他們能把人摔倒而不傷害到他。（路加福音4:35新譯本） “耶穌斥責他說：“住口！從他身上出來！”鬼把那人摔倒在眾人中間，就從他身上出來了，沒有傷害他。“。
（2）他們能把人摔倒並且傷害他。（路加福音9:42新譯本） “那孩子正走過來的時候，汙鬼把他摔倒，使他重重地抽瘋。耶穌斥責那汙靈，把孩子醫好，交給他父親。“。
（3）他們趕人到曠野去。（路加福音8:29）。
“耶穌曾吩咐汙鬼從那人身上出來．原來這鬼屢次抓住他、他常被人看守、又被鐵鍊和腳鐐捆鎖、他竟把鎖鍊掙斷、被鬼趕到曠野去。“

c.邪惡天使的特癥。
（1）有些是聾的。（馬可福音9:25 欽定版原文） “耶穌看見眾人都跑上來、就斥責那冒犯的污鬼、說、你這聾啞的鬼、我吩咐你從他裡頭出來、再不要進去”。
（2）有些是啞的。（馬可福音9:17） “眾人中間有一個人回答說、夫子、我帶了我的兒子到你這裡來、他被啞吧鬼附著．”。
（3）有些是撒謊的。（列王記上22:22） “耶和華問他說、你用何法呢？他說、我去要在他眾先知口中作謊言的靈．耶和華說、這樣、你必能引誘他．你去如此行罷。“。
（4）有些是冒犯的。 “耶穌看見眾人都跑上來、就斥責那冒犯的污鬼…”（馬可福音9:25 K欽定版 原文）。
（5）有些是引誘人的。（提摩太前書4:1） “聖靈明說、在後來的時候、必有人離棄真道、聽從那引誘人的邪靈、和鬼魔的道理。”。

d. 邪惡天使的力量。是巨大的。
（1）他們控制人與獸的身體（馬可福音5:8-13）。
（2）他們造成身體上的傷害。（路加福音13:16）耶穌說 “況且這女人本是亞伯拉罕的後裔、被撒但捆綁了這十八年、不當在安息日解開他的綁麼？”。
（3）他們造成精神疾病。（馬可福音5:5） “(有一個被污鬼附著的人) 他晝夜常在墳塋裡和山中喊叫、又用石頭砍自己。”。
（4）他們製造道德的不潔。（馬可福音5:2） “耶穌一下船、就有一個被污鬼附著的人、從墳塋裡出來迎著他”。另見馬太福音10:1。

e. 邪惡天使的存在。 “devil”這個詞最好被翻譯成“污鬼/邪靈”。只有一個“魔鬼 Devil”，但是有許多‘污鬼(demons)’，魔鬼是他們的王。在今天有污鬼附身這種事，有傳教士證實了有這事實。被污鬼附身的人具有超乎常人的力量; 這些人完全被污鬼所控制。

值得指出的是，污鬼總是透過他們所附身之人的口說話。附在這些人身上的污鬼認識主耶穌，耶穌也能分辨出污鬼和被附體的人。污鬼不喜歡無體可附; 他們（從人體被趕出來之後）寧可被丟入豬群裡附著豬去（馬可福音5:1-20）。

f. 邪惡天使存在的證據。交鬼的信仰不只在基督的時代才有。有證據證實在耶穌第一次降生在人間之前就存在了：
（1）四福音書讓人看出污鬼是世人已經知道的東西。
（2）人們對污鬼的會附人身上並不感到驚訝。
（3）猶太人聲稱靠污鬼他們的能力趕鬼。 （馬太福音12:27）。
（4）在基督的時代之後，早期的使徒長老們與拜污鬼邪靈的人有交手過（馬太福音10:1; 馬可福音16:17; 使徒行傳8:7）。
（5）關於污鬼/邪灵，在近代的傳教士的编年史有記載（以弗所書2:2, 6:12）。

4. The Imprisoned Angels.
a. Their Sins. “God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness to be reserved unto judgment” (II Peter 2:4). The above Scripture plainly shows that these angels were not in the original rebellion with Satan. The casting out of Satan occurred before the time of Adam; the angels referred to sinned since the time of Adam.

Surely these must be the “sons of God,” who married the “daughters of men.” “It came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, that the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. . . . There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old men of renown” (Gen. 6:1,2, 4).

There are those who hold that the “sons of God” were the Sons of Seth, and that the “daughters of men” were the daughters of Cain. This is refuted simply by asking, “How could Seth beget Sons of God?”

Others contend that the “sons of God” were regenerated men, who married unregenerated women, called the “daughters of men.” We see the same things happening even today, but there are no giants born because of this unequally yoked union.

To be safe and sure as to the correct interpretation, let us find out who the “sons of God” could be. There are several persons called the “sons of God” in Scripture:

1. Jesus Christ — the Son of God — by relationship.
2. Adam — a son of God — by creation (Luke 3:38).
3. Angels — sons of God — by creation (Job 1, 2).
4. Regenerated men — sons of God — by regeneration and adoption.

Remember, we are only children of God now by regeneration; we shall be declared to be sons at our adoption — “to wit the redemption of our body.”

By simple elimination we find out who the “sons of God” were: Christ is eliminated, and Adam also, as he had been dead for a long time. They could not be regenerated men because adoption ofsonship had not occurred yet. This leaves only the angels.

The question naturally arises, “Do not the Scriptures teach that angels cannot marry?” They do not teach this; they teach that they do not marry in heaven. Man marries here, but he will not marry in heaven. Then how did they marry the daughters of men? We do not know, but the following verses prove, without a doubt, that they did. We have already quoted Jude 6, but we will do so again, adding verse seven. This substantiates our claim: “And the angels which kept not their first estate [principality, their own being as angels], but left their own habitation [heaven], he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire” (Jude 6, 7). Thus, I believe it is positively proved that the angels sinned after the similitude of Sodom and Gomorrah.

This union brought about a race of giants — giants in stature, and giants in sin. They were destroyed by the flood.

Demon possession was prolific before the flood; and the Lord Jesus has revealed, “But as the days of Noe were, so shall also the coming of the Son of man be” (Matt. 24:37). Demon possession shall be in full control during the Great Tribulation (Rev. 12), before the revelation of Christ at His second coming.
b. Their Position. They are cast down into Tartarus, the innermost prison of Hades, chained in darkness, awaiting their day of judgment (II Peter 2:4).

4.被囚禁的天使。

a.他們的罪。（彼得後書2:4） “神沒有姑息犯罪的天使，反而把他們丟入地獄，囚禁在幽暗的坑裏，等候審判。”。上面的經文清楚地表明，這些天使並不没有参與在撒但最初的反叛之列。撒但的被逐出天庭在亞當時期以前就發生了;自亞當時期以來，這些天使就被指為是犯了罪的天使。

當然，這些必須是與“人的眾女兒”結合的“神的眾子/（神的兒子們）”。（創世記6:1-2,4）“當人開始在地球上繁衍生息（在世上多起來）、又生養女兒的時候、神的眾子（神的兒子們）看見人的女子美貌、就隨意挑選、娶來為妻。. . . . 在那些日子，有巨人在地上；　神的眾子和人的女子交合，就生了上古英武有名的人物。

有人認為“神的眾子”就是塞特的兒子們，而“人的女兒們”是該隱的女兒。但是你只要簡單問：“塞特如何能生下神的眾子呢？”，那個論點就被駁倒了。

其他人辯稱，“神的眾子”是重生的人，他們與未曾重生的女人-即被稱為“人的女兒們”結婚。即使在今天我們也看到了同樣的事情發生啊。但是在今並沒有人因這種信仰不等卻同負一軛的結合而出生巨人啊。

為要能確保能有正確的詮釋，讓我們從聖經裡找找看（創世記6:1-2,4所說）“神的眾子”會是誰….在聖經中有幾個人/幾種人被稱為“神的兒子”：

1.耶穌基督 – 神的‘那’兒子（神子） – 藉著關係。
2.亞當 – 神的一個兒子 – 經由創造（路加福音3:38）。
3.天使 – 神的眾子 – 經由創造（約伯記1:6, 2:1）。
4.重生的人 – 神的兒子- 通過重生被神收納。

請記得，我們現在藉著重生只還是神的孩子（children)而已; 以後在我們被收納時，將會被宣佈為神的兒子們(sons) – “我們等候得著兒子的名分，為了見證我們身體的被贖”（羅馬書8:23)

藉著用簡單的消去法，我們找出“神的眾子”是誰了：其中，耶穌基督從名單中被排除了，亞當也是，因為他早已經死去很久了。神的眾子不可能是重生的人，因為尚未被收納成為兒子，尚未發生。這就只留下天使在（創世記6:1-2,4 ）神的眾子這名單裡了。

那…這問題自然就出現了，“聖經不是教導說天使是不娶也不嫁的嗎？” …..

聖經說的不是這個;聖經是說天使他們在天堂是不娶又不嫁。人在地上這裡嫁娶，但他在天堂是不嫁不娶的。那麼，天使到底是如何娶人的女兒為妻呢？… 這我們並不知道，然而以下的經文毫無疑問證明了他們的確娶人的女兒為妻。雖然我們已經引用了猶大書第6節，但我們還要再次的引用`並且加入第7節。這證實了我們的宣稱：（猶大書6,7）“又有不守本位、離開自己住處[天堂]的天使、主用鎖鍊把他們永遠拘留在黑暗裡、等候大日子的審判。又如所多瑪、蛾摩拉、和周圍城邑的人、與他們一樣的淫亂、隨從逆性反常的情慾、以致受永火的刑罰、成了後世的鑒戒”。這樣，我相信這正面的證明了天使在所多瑪和蛾摩拉之後犯了相似的罪。

天使與人女兒的結合生出巨人的種族 – 在身形上巨大，在罪裡也巨大。他們後來被洪水摧毀了。

邪靈附體在洪水之前是常見的; 主耶穌也已經啟示說：“然而挪亞的時代怎樣，人子降臨的時候也要怎樣。”（馬太福音24:37）。邪靈附體的現象，在大災難期間（啟示錄12章），基督第二次降臨啟示之前，將會完全的受到控制。

b.被囚禁之天使的位置。他們被丟入地獄最深處的坑裡，被囚禁在幽暗中，等待他們的審判日。（彼得後書2:4）。

IV. SATAN

A. The Names and Descriptive Titles.

1. Satan. This name means “adversary, hater, and accuser.” “Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel” (I Chron. 21:1).

2. Devil. This name means “Slanderer, Accuser, Deceiver.” “He laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years” (Rev. 20:2).

3. Beelzebub. This is the prince of demons. Originally it meant “Lord of Flies”; the Jews later changed it to mean “Lord of the Dung Hill.” “The scribes which came down from Jerusalem said, He hath Beelzebub, and by the prince of the devils [demons] casteth he out devils [demons]” (Mark 3:22).

4. Belial. This means “good-for-nothing.” “Certain men, the children of Belial, are gone out from among you, and have withdrawn the inhabitants of their city, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which ye have not known” (Deut.13:13).

5. The Wicked One. He is the evil one, who has no reverence for Christ. “I have written unto you, fathers, because ye have known him that is from the beginning. I have written unto you, young men, because ye are strong, and the word of God abideth in you, and ye have overcome thewicked one” (I John 2:14). See also I John 2:13; Matthew 6:13, R.V.

6. Prince of This World. World politics, business and society are under his domain. The Lord Jesus did not deny this when he was accosted by the Devil in the wilderness (Matt. 4; Luke 4). “Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out” (John 12:31). See also John 14:30; 16:11.

7. The God of This Age. “If our gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost: in whom the god of this world [age] hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them” (II Cor. 4:4).

8. Prince of the Power of the Air. “You hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins; wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience” (Eph. 2:2).

9. That Old Serpent. “The great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him” (Rev. 12:9). See also Revelation 12:3; 20:2.

10. Dragon. “He laid hold on the dragon, which is the Devil, and Satan, and bound him a thousand years” (Rev. 20:2).

11. The Evil One. “We know that whosoever is begotten of God sinneth not; but he that was begotten of God keepeth himself, and the evil one toucheth him not” (I John 5:18, R.V.).

12. Angel of Light. “Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light” (II Cor. 11:14).

13. Father of Lies. “Ye are of your father the devil, and the lust of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it” (John 8:44).

14. Murderer. “He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him” (John 8:44b). See also I John 3:12-15.

15. Roaring Lion. “Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary, the devil, as a roaring lion,walketh about seeking whom he may devour” (I Peter 5:8).

16. Ruler of Darkness. “For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places” (Eph. 6:12)

肆. 撒但

A. 他的名字和描述的頭銜。

1.撒旦.這個名字的意思是“敵人，愁恨者和控訴者”。“撒但起來攻擊以色列人、挑動大衛去數點他們。”（歷代誌上21:1）。

2.魔鬼。這個名字的意思是“誹謗者，控告者，欺騙者。”“他捉住那龍,就是古蛇,又叫魔鬼、也叫撒但、把他捆綁一千年”（啟示錄20:2）。

3.別西卜。這是惡魔的王子。它起初的意思為著“蒼蠅王”; 猶太人後來把這名的意思變成“糞山之王”。（馬可福音3:22）“  從耶路撒冷下來的經學家（文士）說、他是被別西卜附著．又說、他是靠著鬼王子趕鬼。 ”。

4.不法的（參考欽定本KJV版）。這意味著“一無是處”。（申命記13:13） “有些（不法的)匪徒，從你們中間出來，把本城的居民引離，說：‘我們去事奉別的神吧。’那些神是你們素來不認識的 ” 。

5.邪惡者。他是那惡者，對基督毫無敬畏。（約翰一書2:14） “父老阿、我曾寫信給你們、因為你們認識那從起初就有的。少年人哪、我曾寫信給你們`因為你們是剛強的`神的道常存在你們心裡、你們也勝了那惡者“ 。另見約翰一書2:13; 馬太福音6:13。

6.這世界的王。世界的政治`商業和社會在他的管轄之下。當耶穌在曠野與魔鬼對話時，主耶穌並沒有否認這一點（馬太福音4章; 路加福音4章）。 “現在這世界受審判．這世界的王要被趕出去。”（約翰福音12:31）。也見約翰福音14:30; 16:11。

7.這個世代的神。（哥林多後書4:4） “如果我們的福音被蒙蔽了、就是蒙蔽在滅亡的人身上。这些不信的人被这世界[世代]的神弄瞎了他们的心眼，使他们看不见基督荣耀福音的光；基督就是　神的形象”。

8.空中掌權的首領。 （以弗所書2:1-2）“你們死在過犯罪惡之中、他叫你們活過來。那時你們在過犯和罪惡中行事為人，隨著時代的潮流，也服從空中掌權的首領，就是現今在悖逆的人身上運行的靈。”

9.古蛇。 （啟示錄12:9）“那大龍被摔了下來。它就是那古蛇，名叫魔鬼，又叫撒但，是迷惑普天下的。它被摔在地上，它的天使也跟它一同被摔下去”。另見啟示錄12:3; 20:2。

10.龍。（啟示錄20:2） “他捉住那龍，就是古蛇，又叫魔鬼，也叫撒但，把它捆绑一千年”。

11.那惡者。（約翰一書5:18） “我們知道，凡是上帝所生的，都不犯罪。那從神生的必保護他，那惡者也無法害他”。

12.光明的天使。（哥林多後書11:14） “這並不希奇，因為撒但自己也裝作光明的天使”。

13.謊言之父。（約翰福音8:44） “你們是出於你們的父魔鬼，喜歡按著你們的父的私欲行事。他從起初就是殺人的兇手，不守真理，因為他心裏沒有真理。他說謊是出於本性，因為他本來就是說謊者，也是說謊的人的父。”（新譯本）。

14.殺人的兇手。（約翰福音8:44b） “他從起初就是殺人的兇手，不守真理，因為他心裏沒有真理”。另見約翰一書3:12-15。

15.吼叫的獅子。（彼得前書5:8） “務要謹守、儆醒。因為你們的仇敵魔鬼、如同吼叫的獅子、遍地游行、尋找可吞喫的人”。

16.幽暗的管轄者。（以弗所書6:12） “因我們並不是與屬血氣的爭戰、乃是與那些執政的、掌權的、管轄這幽暗世界的、以及天空屬靈氣的惡魔爭戰。”

B. The Personality of Satan.

There is a general denial that the Devil is a person. To deny such is to deny the Word of God. The Scriptures teach that he is as much a person as the Lord Jesus Christ.

B.撒旦的位格。

人們普遍否認魔鬼是一個位格。否認撒旦有位格就是否認神的話語。聖經教導說到撒旦有位格正如主耶穌基督一樣有位格。

C. The Origin of Satan.

Satan was a created being (Ezek. 28:15). His position was the greatest of all the angelic hosts, “Thou art the anointed cherub that covereth” (Ezek. 28:14). He was one of the cherubim that overlooked the mercy seat of the temple in heaven.

His name, Lucifer, means “Son of the Morning.” He was created in perfect beauty (Ezek. 28:12, 17). Some hold that he was the choir leader of heaven, as the tabrets and pipes were prepared in him the day that he was created (Ezek. 28:13). Others may ask, “Isn’t the twenty-eighth chapter of Ezekiel speaking about the King of Tyre?” Yes, to begin with but the inspired writer goes beyond the King of Tyre, and speaks about a person that no human person could possibly fulfill, “Thou hast been in Eden” (Ezek. 28:13). Who could this be but Satan? He was perfect in his ways (Ezek. 28:15) until sin was found in him.

C. 撒旦的起源。

撒但是一個被造的生命（以西結書28:15）。他的位階是所有天使中最高的，（以西結書28:14）“你是護衛寶座的、受膏的基路伯”。他是守衛天堂聖殿寶座的基路伯之一。

他的名字-路西法，意思是“早晨之子”。他的被造是全然美麗,智慧充足（以西結書28:12,17）。有些人認為他是天堂詩班的領袖，因為在他受造的那天，就有精美的鼓笛 在他受造那日預備齊全的（以西結書28:13）。有些人可能會問：“以西結書第二十八章所說的不是推羅王嗎？”。 是的，開始的時候是，但受感的作者（以西結）從推羅王之上說到一個沒有其他人可能匹敵的，是那個“曾在伊甸園中的”（以西結書28:13）。除了撒旦以外，還有可能是誰呢？他從受造日起，所行的都完全`無可指摘（以西結書28:15），直到後來在他身上察出不義（找到罪）。

D. The Career of Satan.

What was the sin that caused Satan to be? What was it that changed Lucifer into the Devil? It was the original sin of the universe: pride. “I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High” (Is. 14:14). The sin of pride was caused by choosing his own will above the will of God. “I will” became the original sin of the universe.

He appeared in the garden of Eden and thrust the human race into sin and death. He came to Job and wrought misery in his life. He tempted David to number the people. He tempted Christ (Matt. 4) and Peter (Luke 22:32). He hindered Paul in his great work (I Thess. 2:18). He snatches the Word from people’s hearts (Mark 4:15).

D.撒旦所致力的。

是什麼罪造成撒旦那樣子的呢？是什麼讓路西法變成魔鬼的呢？ 是宇宙的那原罪：驕傲。（以賽亞書14:14） “我要升到高雲之上．我要與至上者同等”。選擇讓自己的意志高過上帝的旨意，這樣導致了他驕傲的罪。這個 “我要”的驕傲，變成了宇宙的原罪。

撒旦出現在伊甸園中，將人類推向罪和死亡。他到約伯那裡，絞擰苦難到約伯的生命裡。他引誘大衛去數點以色列人的數目（歷代誌上21:1)。他試探基督（馬太福音4章）又試探彼得（路加福音22:32）。他阻擋保羅的事工（帖撒羅尼迦前書2:18）。他把人心裡的道奪了去（馬可福音4:15）。

E. The Location of Satan.

He does have access to the throne of God, for he accused Job, and we are told that he accuses the brethren daily. “The accuser of our brethren is cast down, which accused them before our God day and night” (Rev. 12: l0c). It is an error to think of the Devil living in a palace in hell; his location is in the heavenlies.

E.撒旦的所在位置。

他確實可以進到上帝的寶座前，因我們讀到他在上帝面前控告約伯。聖經也說撒旦晝夜在控告我們弟兄們。（啟示錄12:10c） “神的救恩、能力、國度、並他基督的權柄、現在都來到了。. .那在我們　神面前晝夜控告我們弟兄的、已經被摔下去。”。認為撒旦是住在地獄裡某個宮殿裡的那想法是錯誤的; 撒旦魔鬼他的位置現是在天上。

F. The Character of Satan.

1. Has Great Dignity. His titles show this. “Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out” (John 12:31). See also Jude 8, 9; II Corinthians 4:4.

2. Has Great Power. God (Jesus) sent Paul to the Gentiles “to open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me” (Acts 26:18). See also Job 1:10-12; Luke 11:14, 18; Ephesians 6:11, 12. The whole world without Christ is under him.

3. Has Great Cunning and Deceit. “Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light” (II Cor. 11:14). See also Matthew 24:24; II Corinthians 2:11.

4. Has Great Malignity. “He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil” (I John 3:8). See also II Corinthians 4:4.

5. Has Great Fear. “Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you” (Jas. 4:7).

F.撒旦的本質特徵。

  1.撒旦有大尊嚴。他的頭銜顯示出這一點。（約翰福音12:31）“ 現在是這世界受審判的時候了，現在這世界的王要被趕出去”。另見猶大書 8-9; 哥林多後書4:4。

  2.撒旦有大權能。上帝（耶穌）差遣保羅到外邦人那裡去 “開他們的眼睛，使他們從黑暗中歸向光明，從撒但的權下歸向　上帝，使他們的罪孽得到赦免，並且在那些因信基督而成聖的人中同得基業。“（使徒行傳26:18）。另見約伯記1:10-12; 路加福音11:14,18; 以弗所書6:11-12。沒有基督的世界全都在撒旦的權勢之下。

  3.極為狡猾和詭詐。 “撒但將自己裝做光明的天使”（哥林多後書11:14）。又見馬太福音24:24;哥林多後書2:11。

  4.撒旦有大惡毒。 “犯罪的人是屬魔鬼的、因為魔鬼從起初就犯罪。　神的兒子顯現出來、為要除滅魔鬼的作為。”（約翰一書3:8）。另見哥林多  後書4:4。

  5.撒旦有大懼怕。 “故此你們要順服　神。務要抵擋魔鬼、魔鬼就必離開你們逃跑了“（雅各書4:7）。

G. The Work of Satan.

1. He Is the Author of Sin and Tempts Men to Sin. “Then was Jesus led up of the spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil” (Matt. 4:1.)

2. He Produces Sickness and Has Power of Death. “Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil” (Heb. 2:14). See also Luke 13:16; Acts 10:38.

3. He Lays Snares for Men. “God peradventure will give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth . . . that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will” (II Tim. 2:26).

4. He Takes the Word Out of Hearts. “When anyone heareth the word of the kingdom, andunderstandeth it not, then cometh the wicked one, and catcheth away that which was sown in his heart. This is he which received seed by the wayside” (Matt. 13:19).

5. He Puts Wicked Purposes Into Hearts. “Neither give place to the devil” (Eph. 4:27).

6. He Blinds Minds. “The God of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them” (II Cor. 4:4).

7. He Harasses Men. “Lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I should be exalted above measure” (II Cor. 12:7).

8. He Accuses Men Before God. “The accuser of our brethren is cast down, which accused them before our God day and night” (Rev. 12:l0c).

9. He Enters Into Men. “Supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, to betray him . . . [Jesus] riseth from supper” (John 13:2).

10. He Sows Tares Among God’s People. “The field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one; the enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels” (Matt. 13:38, 39).

11. He Gives Power to the Lawless Ones. “To whom ye forgive anything, I forgive also: for what I also have forgiven if I have forgiven anything, for your sakes have I forgiven it in the presence of Christ; that no advantage may be gained over us by Satan: for we are not ignorant of his devices” (II Cor. 2:10, 11, R.V.).

12. He Resists God’s Servants. “He shewed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him” (Zech. 3:1). See also Daniel 10:13.

13. He Hinders God’s Servants. “We would fain have come unto you, even I Paul, once and again; but Satan hindered us” (I Thess. 2:18, R.V.).

14. He Sifts God’s Servants. “The Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat” (Luke 22:31).

15. He Holds the World. “We know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in the evil one” (I John 5:19, R.V.).

G.撒旦的工作。

  1.撒旦是罪的始作俑者，並且誘惑人犯罪。 “當時、耶穌被聖靈引到曠野、受魔鬼的試探”（馬太福音4:1）。

  2.撒旦製造疾病並且掌有死權。（希伯來書2:14） “神的兒女既同有血肉之體，他（耶穌基督）也照樣親自成了血肉之體。特要藉著死`敗壞那掌握死權的魔鬼”。另見路加福音13:16;使徒行傳10:38。

  3.他撒下網羅要俘虜人。（提摩太后書2:25-26） “或許 神給他們悔改的心、可以明白真道．. . . 叫他們這已經被魔鬼任意擄去的、可以醒悟、脫離他的網羅”

  4.他從人的心裡奪走神的道。（馬太福音13:19） “凡聽見天國道理不明白的、那惡者就來、把所撒在他心裡的、奪了去．這就是撒在路旁的了。”

  5.他把邪惡的目的放入人的心。（以弗所書4:27） “不可給魔鬼留地步”。

  6.他蒙蔽人的心眼。（哥林多後書4:4）“ 此等不信之人、被這世界的　神弄瞎了心眼、不叫基督榮耀福音的光照亮他們。基督本是　神的形像 ”。（直譯：這世界的神蒙蔽了這些不信者的心，讓他們看不見神的形像-基督的榮耀福音的光）。 

  7.他攪擾人。（哥林多後書12:7) “又因所得的啟示甚大、恐怕就會高抬自己、所以有一根剌加我肉體上、就是撒但的差役、要攻擊我、免得我過於自高”。

  8.他在上帝面前控告人。 （啟示錄12:10c）“那晝夜在我們　神面前控告我們弟兄的控告者，已經被摔下來了！”。

  9.他進入人的心。（約翰福音13:2） “吃晚飯的時候，魔鬼已經把出賣耶穌的意念放在西門的兒子加略人猶大的心裏  . . . . ”。

  10.他在上帝的子民中撒種稗子。 （馬太福音13:38-39）“田地就是世界，好種子就是屬天國的兒女，稗子就是屬那惡者的兒女，撒稗子的那仇敵是魔鬼，收割的時候是這世代的末了，收割的工人是天使。”。

  11.他給不法的人權能。（哥林多後書2:10-11）“你們赦免誰、我也赦免誰、我若有所赦免的、是在基督面前為你們赦免的．免得撒但趁著機會勝過我們．因我們並非不曉得他的詭計”

  12.他與上帝的僕人作對。（撒迦利亞書3:1）“天使又指給我看、大祭司約書亞站在耶和華的使者面前、撒但也站在約書亞的右邊、與他作對”。參見但以理書10:13。

  13.他阻擋上帝的僕人。（帖撒羅尼迦前書2:18） “我們很想到你們那裏去，我保羅也一再想去，只是撒但阻擋了我們”。

  14.他篩選上帝的僕人。 （路加福音22:31）“主又說、西門、西門、撒但想要得著你們、好篩你們、像篩麥子一樣”。

  15.他轄制這世界。（約翰一書5:19） “我們知道我們是屬於　神的、而整個世界都伏在那惡者手下。”。

H. The Limitation of Satan.

1. He Is Not Omnipresent. He can be at only one place at a time. He is a created being, and a created being cannot be in two places at the same time. He is not everywhere, but his followers (demons) are. He can move rapidly to the aid of his agents (Luke 10:18).

2. He Is Not Omniscient. He is wise; too wise for us, but he is not all-wise. The Devil would know less if we would tell him less. Spiritism is not all trickery. It is demonism, controlled  by the Devil. No one can communicate with the dead, but the Devil and his angels know about the dead and communicate this knowledge to their mediums.

3. He Is Not Omnipotent. He is not all-powerful, though he has more power than we do. He is subject to the Word of God. A good example of this is found in Job 1 and 2.

H.撒旦的局限。

  1.他不是無所不在。他一次只能出現在一個地方。他是一個受創造物，而受造物無法同時存在在兩個地方。他不是在每一個地方，但他的追隨者（邪靈）則到處都有。他可以如閃電般的迅速趕去幫助他的手下（路加福音10:18）。

  2.他不是無所不知。他是精明的;對我們來說太精明了，但他不是全智的。如果我們告訴他少一些，魔鬼所知道的就會少一些。通靈招魂術並非都是騙局。那是拜邪靈的信仰，受魔鬼的控制。沒有人能夠與死去的人溝通，但魔鬼和他的使者知道關於死者的事而將這些所知道的傳達給他們的靈媒。

  3.他不是無所不能。儘管他比我們擁有更大的能力，但他並不是全能的。他必須服從上帝的話語。在約伯記1章和2章裡的就是個很好的例子。

I. Our Attitude toward Satan.

1. Redemptive Rights Are to Be Claimed by the Believer. “They overcame him by the blood of the Lamb, and by the word of their testimony; and they loved not their lives unto the death” (Rev. 12:11). See also Ephesians 6:16, R.V.; Hebrews 2:14, R.V.; Colossians 2:15: I John 3:8.

2. Full Equipment Is to Be Appropriated by the Believer. “Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil” (Eph. 6:10, 11). See also Ephesians 6:12-18.

3. Strict Self Control Is to Be Maintained. “Neither give place to the devil” (Eph. 4:27).

4. Vigilance Is to Be Exercised by the Believer. “Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour” (I Peter 5:8). See also II Corinthians 2:11.

5. Resistance Is to Be Made by the Believer. “Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you” (Jas. 4:7). See also I John 2:14.

I. 我們對撒旦的態度。

  1.信的人應該去支取所贖回的權柄。 “弟兄勝過他、是因羔羊的血、和自己所見證的道．他們雖至於死、也不愛惜性命。”（啟示錄12:11）。參見以弗所書6:16; 希伯來書2:14; 歌羅西書2:15：約翰一書3:8。

  2.信的人要穿帶全備的裝備。（以弗所書6：10,11）“我還有末了的話、你們要靠著主、倚賴他的大能大力、作剛強的人。要穿戴　神所賜的全副軍裝、就能抵擋魔鬼的詭計”。也參考以弗所書6:12-18。

  3.信的人要保持嚴格的自我控制。 “不要給魔鬼留餘地”（以弗所書4:27）。

  4.信的人要儆醒戒备。（彼得前書5:8） “務要謹守、儆醒。因為你們的仇敵魔鬼、如同吼叫的獅子、遍地游行、尋找可吞喫的人”。另見哥林多後書2:11。

  5.信的人要抵抗魔鬼。 （雅各書4:7）“故此你們要順服　神。務要抵擋魔鬼、魔鬼就必離開你們逃跑了”。另見約翰一書2:14。